Quest-ce que ChatGPT et comment lutiliser?

At launch, OpenAI included more than 3 million GPTs created by GPT Builder users in the GPT Store. The integration used ChatGPT to write prompts for DALL-E guided by conversations with users. The Pro launch coincided with the release of the o1 model, providing unlimited access to o1 and advanced voice mode. In September 2025, OpenAI added a feature called Pulse, which generates a daily analysis of a user’s chats and connected apps such as Gmail and vegas casino app Google Calendar.

• As of 2023, there were several pending U.S. lawsuits challenging the use of copyrighted data to train AI models, with defendants arguing that this falls under fair use.
• ChatGPT was initially free to the public, and OpenAI planned to monetize the service later.
• ChatGPT can find more up-to-date information by searching the web, but this doesn’t ensure that responses are accurate, as it may access unreliable or misleading websites.
• Many companies adopted ChatGPT and similar chatbot technologies into their product offers.

In October 2023, OpenAI’s image generation model DALL-E 3 was integrated into ChatGPT Plus and ChatGPT Enterprise. According to the company, the paid version of the website was still experimental, but provided access during peak periods, no downtime, priority access to new features, and faster response speeds. In February 2023, OpenAI launched a premium service, ChatGPT Plus, that costs US$20 per month. ChatGPT was initially free to the public, and OpenAI planned to monetize the service later. In October 2025, OpenAI launched ChatGPT Atlas, a browser integrating the ChatGPT assistant directly into web navigation, to compete with existing browsers such as Google Chrome and Apple’s Safari. In March 2025, OpenAI updated ChatGPT to generate images using GPT-4o instead of DALL-E.

ChatGPT is programmed to reject prompts that may violate its content policy. The term “hallucination” as applied to LLMs is distinct from its meaning in psychology, and the phenomenon in chatbots is more similar to confabulation or bullshitting. These limitations may be revealed when ChatGPT responds to prompts including descriptors of people.

ChatGPT is frequently used for translation and summarization tasks, and can simulate interactive environments such as a Linux terminal, a multi-user chat room, or simple text-based games such as tic-tac-toe. It is designed to generate human-like text and can carry out a wide variety of tasks. ChatGPT is a chatbot and AI assistant built on large language model (LLM) technology. OpenAI’s outsourcing partner was Sama, a training-data company based in San Francisco, California.

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Released in February 2025, GPT-4.5 was described by Altman as a “giant, expensive model”. In September 2024, OpenAI introduced o1-preview and a faster, cheaper model named o1-mini. In November 2023, OpenAI launched GPT-4 Turbo with a 128,000 token context window. A study presented example attacks on ChatGPT, including jailbreaks and reverse psychology.

• Despite this, users may “jailbreak” ChatGPT with prompt engineering techniques to bypass these restrictions.
• One study analyzed ChatGPT’s responses to 517 questions about software engineering or computer programming posed on Stack Overflow for correctness, consistency, comprehensiveness, and concision.
• Despite its acclaim, the chatbot has been criticized for its limitations and potential for unethical use.
• OpenAI collects data from ChatGPT users to further train and fine-tune its services.
• Users can upvote or downvote responses they receive from ChatGPT and fill in a text field with additional feedback.
• ChatGPT’s training data only covers a period up to the cut-off date, so it lacks knowledge of recent events.

GPT Store

One study analyzed ChatGPT’s responses to 517 questions about software engineering or computer programming posed on Stack Overflow for correctness, consistency, comprehensiveness, and concision. ChatGPT has been used to generate introductory sections and abstracts for scientific articles. Andrew Ng argued that “it’s a mistake to fall for the doomsday hype on AI—and that regulators who do will only benefit vested interests.” Yann LeCun dismissed doomsday warnings of AI-powered misinformation and existential threats to the human race. Juergen Schmidhuber said that in 95% of cases, AI research is about making “human lives longer and healthier and easier.” He added that while AI can be used by bad actors, it “can also be used against the bad actors”. A May 2023 statement by hundreds of AI scientists, AI industry leaders, and other public figures demanded that “mitigating the risk of extinction from AI should be a global priority”.

In December 2024, OpenAI launched a new feature allowing users to call ChatGPT with a telephone for up to 15 minutes per month for free. OpenAI collects data from ChatGPT users to further train and fine-tune its services. ChatGPT is based on GPT foundation models that have been fine-tuned for conversational assistance.

These labels were used to train a model to detect such content in the future. These rankings were used to create “reward models” that were used to fine-tune the model further by using several iterations of proximal policy optimization. The ethics of its development, particularly the use of copyrighted content as training data, have also drawn controversy. The chatbot can facilitate academic dishonesty, generate misinformation, and create malicious code. As of 2025, ChatGPT’s website is among the top 5 most-visited websites globally, and has over 800 million active weekly users. By January 2023, ChatGPT had become the fastest-growing consumer software application in history, gaining over 100 million users in two months.

Agents

ChatGPT’s training data only covers a period up to the cut-off date, so it lacks knowledge of recent events. OpenAI acknowledged that there have been “instances where our 4o model fell short in recognizing signs of delusion or emotional dependency”, and reported that it is working to improve safety. The user can interrupt tasks or provide additional instructions as needed. In July 2025, OpenAI released ChatGPT agent, an AI agent that can perform multi-step tasks. According to TechCrunch, it is a service based on o3 that combines advanced reasoning and web search capabilities to make comprehensive reports within 5 to 30 minutes. This tool allows a user to customize ChatGPT’s behavior for a specific use case.

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It is credited with accelerating the AI boom, an ongoing period marked by rapid investment and public attention toward the field of artificial intelligence (AI). In July 2024, the American Bar Association (ABA) issued its first formal ethics opinion on attorneys using generative AI. On November 29, Rosário revealed that the bill had been entirely written by ChatGPT, and that he had presented it to the rest of the council without making any changes or disclosing the chatbot’s involvement.

ChatGPT also provided an outline of how human reviewers are trained to reduce inappropriate content and to attempt to provide political information without affiliating with any political position. ChatGPT gained one million users in five days and 100 million in two months, becoming the fastest-growing internet application in history. In The Atlantic magazine’s “Breakthroughs of the Year” for 2022, Derek Thompson included ChatGPT as part of “the generative-AI eruption” that “may change our mind about how we work, how we think, and what human creativity is”.

ChatGPT’s training data includes software manual pages, information about internet phenomena such as bulletin board systems, multiple programming languages, and the text of Wikipedia. Users can upvote or downvote responses they receive from ChatGPT and fill in a text field with additional feedback. The laborers were exposed to toxic and traumatic content; one worker described the assignment as “torture”.

Between March and April 2023, Il Foglio published one ChatGPT-generated article a day on its website, hosting a special contest for its readers in the process. The chatbot technology can improve security by cyber defense automation, threat intelligence, attack identification, and reporting. In July 2024, Futurism reported that GPT-4o in ChatGPT would sometimes link “scam news sites that deluge the user with fake software updates and virus warnings”; these pop-ups can be used to coerce users into downloading malware or potentially unwanted programs. Chris Granatino, a librarian at Seattle University, noted that while ChatGPT can generate content that seemingly includes legitimate citations, in most cases those citations are not real or largely incorrect. Robin Bauwens, an assistant professor at Tilburg University, found that a ChatGPT-generated peer review report on his article mentioned nonexistent studies. In January 2023, Science “completely banned” LLM-generated text in all its journals; however, this policy was just to give the community time to decide what acceptable use looks like.

Features

It allows ChatGPT to search the web in an attempt to make more accurate and up-to-date responses. To prevent offensive outputs from being presented to and produced by ChatGPT, queries are filtered through the OpenAI “Moderation endpoint” API (a separate GPT-based AI). These include, among many others, writing and debugging computer programs, composing music, scripts, fairy tales, and essays, answering questions (sometimes at a level exceeding that of an average human test-taker), and generating business concepts.

Regional responses

Despite its acclaim, the chatbot has been criticized for its limitations and potential for unethical use. At the same time, its release prompted extensive media coverage and public debate about the nature of creativity and the future of knowledge work.

Mental health

To build a safety system against harmful content (e.g., sexual abuse, violence, racism, sexism), OpenAI used outsourced Kenyan workers earning around $1.32 to $2 per hour to label such content. In the case of supervised learning, the trainers acted as both the user and the AI assistant. The fine-tuning process involved supervised learning and reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF). These issues have led to its use being restricted in some workplaces and educational institutions and have prompted widespread calls for the regulation of artificial intelligence. It can generate plausible-sounding but incorrect or nonsensical answers known as hallucinations.

In January 2023, the International Conference on Machine Learning banned any undocumented use of ChatGPT or other large language models to generate any text in submitted papers. As of July 2025, Science expects authors to release in full how AI-generated content is used and made in their work. As of 2023, there were several pending U.S. lawsuits challenging the use of copyrighted data to train AI models, with defendants arguing that this falls under fair use. In July 2023, the FTC launched an investigation into OpenAI, the creator of ChatGPT, over allegations that the company scraped public data and published false and defamatory information. A shadow market has emerged for users to get access to foreign software tools. GPT-5 was launched on August 7, 2025, and is publicly accessible through ChatGPT, Microsoft Copilot, and via OpenAI’s API.

It currently uses GPT-5.1, a generative pre-trained transformer (GPT), to generate text, speech, and images in response to user prompts. The attorneys were sanctioned for filing the motion and presenting the fictitious legal decisions ChatGPT generated as authentic. ChatGPT shows inconsistent responses, lack of specificity, lack of control over patient data, and a limited ability to take additional context (such as regional variations) into consideration. This has led to concern over the rise of what has come to be called “synthetic media” and “AI slop” which are generated by AI and rapidly spread over social media and the internet.

Later reports showed the bug was much more severe than initially believed, with OpenAI reporting that it had leaked users’ “first and last name, email address, payment address, the last four digits (only) of a credit card number, and credit card expiration date”. Shortly after the bug was fixed, users could not see their conversation history. In March 2023, a bug allowed some users to see the titles of other users’ conversations. One such workaround, popularized on Reddit in early 2023, involved making ChatGPT assume the persona of “DAN” (an acronym for “Do Anything Now”), instructing the chatbot that DAN answers queries that would otherwise be rejected by the content policy.

Comment fonctionne ChatGPT?

Despite this, users may “jailbreak” ChatGPT with prompt engineering techniques to bypass these restrictions. … It’s also a way to understand the “hallucinations”, or nonsensical answers to factual questions, to which large language models such as ChatGPT are all too prone. In one instance, ChatGPT generated a rap in which women and scientists of color were asserted to be inferior to white male scientists. The reward model of ChatGPT, designed around human oversight, can be over-optimized and thus hinder performance, in an example of an optimization pathology known as Goodhart’s law.